Computer Windows, commonly known simply as “Windows,” is one of the most widely used operating systems (OS) in the world, developed by Microsoft. Since its debut in 1985, Windows has revolutionized the way people interact with personal computers, transforming the computing experience with its user-friendly graphical interface and wide array of features. Over the decades, it has evolved through multiple versions, continually adapting to advancements in technology and the changing needs of users. This article delves into the history, key features, and impact of Windows on the world of computing.

A Brief History of Windows

Windows was created to provide an accessible interface for personal computers (PCs), making it easier for users to interact with hardware without needing to understand complex command-line inputs. Here’s a look at how Windows has evolved since its inception:

1. Windows 1.0 (1985): Microsoft’s first graphical user interface (GUI)-based operating system, Windows 1.0, introduced a visual interface to supplement MS-DOS. It was rudimentary by today’s standards, offering tiled windows rather than overlapping ones, but it marked the beginning of Microsoft’s foray into user-friendly computing.
2. Windows 3.0 (1990): A significant step forward, Windows 3.0 featured improved graphics and allowed for overlapping windows, multitasking, and a more intuitive file management system. It gained widespread popularity and set the stage for Windows’ dominance in the OS market.
3. Windows 95 (1995): One of the most pivotal versions in the evolution of the OS, Windows 95 introduced several groundbreaking features that are still foundational today, including the Start Menu, taskbar, and a more cohesive GUI. It also supported long filenames and plug-and-play hardware, making it easier for users to install new devices.
4. Windows XP (2001): Launched to great acclaim, Windows XP became one of the most popular versions of Windows ever. It combined the business-oriented stability of Windows NT with the consumer-friendly interface of Windows 95/98. XP’s design and usability became the standard for the OS in the early 2000s.
5. Windows Vista (2007): While Vista introduced enhanced security features, it was criticized for its performance issues and hardware compatibility problems. However, its Aero interface brought a more visually polished experience, and features like User Account Control (UAC) laid the foundation for future improvements in security.
6. Windows 7 (2009): Widely considered one of the best versions of the OS, Windows 7 fixed many of Vista’s issues and offered a faster, more stable, and visually appealing interface. It was praised for its improved performance, taskbar enhancements, and broad compatibility.
7. Windows 8/8.1 (2012-2013): In an attempt to create a unified experience across PCs and touch devices, Microsoft introduced a completely revamped interface with Windows 8. The traditional Start Menu was replaced with a full-screen Start Screen, which didn’t resonate well with users. Windows 8.1 reintroduced some traditional elements, such as the Start Button.
8. Windows 10 (2015): Windows 10 marked a return to form by combining the best elements of Windows 7 and 8. It featured a hybrid Start Menu, the virtual assistant Cortana, and a commitment to continuous updates. Windows 10 was designed to be a “service” rather than a standalone product, receiving regular feature updates.
9. Windows 11 (2021)